Questions 31- 37
Complete the summary below on the lecture on hypnosis, hypnotism and hypnotherapy.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the listening for each answer.
Hypnosis, Hypnotism and Hypnotherapy
Definitions
Hypnosis - a different psychological state of consciousness with increased potential for (31) .
Hypnotism - the study of hypnosis or the study of using suggestion during hypnosis.
Hypnotherapy - a therapy conducted mainly during hypnosis.
Discussion
Hypnosis creates such relaxation that certain suggestions may be made to the (32) bypassing the awake and logical part of the brain, so that therapy is possible. The hypnotic trance allows increased (33) to create beneficial changes. Usually the hypnotic trance is medium, which slows certain body functions, while the brain creates alpha waves. This condition is different to normal states of consciousness, as alpha waves signify a special (34) .
Not yet fully understood, a favoured theory is that hypnosis influences how people pay attention, which happens in the brain stem's ascending reticular formation. This area receives stimuli from the (35) and passes on messages to the rest of the brain. Hypnosis may inhibit this area, creating great calm.
Hypnotherapy works by exploring the subconscious, where people have unrealised problems, self images, strengths and knowledge. Using hypnotherapy can exploit people's unknown (36) and help solve problems. Many techniques are used by the hypnotherapist in the hypnotic trance. Some hypnotherapy requires little change in a patient, but more complicated behaviours require deeper therapy and psychological (37) .